Pennsylvania Psychiatry Practice Exam

Benzodiazepines are a class of medications commonly prescribed for anxiety, panic disorders, insomnia, and other conditions due to their sedative effects. They work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to a calming effect.

One significant side effect of benzodiazepines includes impaired cognition, which can manifest as confusion, decreased attention, and difficulty in processing information. Drowsiness is also a hallmark side effect, as these medications promote sedation and relaxation. This drowsiness can interfere with daily activities, impair driving ability, and increase the risk of falls, particularly in the elderly.

Understanding these side effects is crucial for monitoring patients and ensuring safe use of benzodiazepines, particularly in the context of potential dependence and withdrawal issues that can arise with long-term use. In contrast to the other options, which suggest increased energy or hyperactivity, benzodiazepines typically produce a depressant effect on the central nervous system.